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Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization
Volume I: The Fabrication of Ancient Greece, 1785-1985 By: Martin Bernal Martin Bernal challenges Eurocentric attitudes by calling into question two of the longest-established explanations for the origins of classical civilization. The Aryan Model, which is current today, claims that Greek culture arose as the result of the conquest from the north by Indo-European speakers, or "Aryans," of the native "pre-Hellenes." The Ancient Model, which was maintained in Classical Greece, held that the native population of Greece had initially been civilized by Egyptian and Phoenician colonists and that additional Near Eastern culture had been introduced to Greece by Greeks studying in Egypt and Southwest Asia. Moving beyond these prevailing models, Bernal proposes a Revised Ancient Model, which suggests that classical civilization in fact had deep roots in Afroasiatic cultures. |
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Precolonial Black Africa
By: Cheikh Anta Diop A comparative study of the political and social systems of Europe and Black Africa, from antiquity to the formation of modern states. |
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Africa, In Its Fullness
By: Toby Green For a long time, historians in the West have seen the Atlantic slave trade as shaping the beginnings of West Africa’s engagement with Europe. There is no question that the slave trade exerted a profound influence in many parts of Africa. However...Even at the height of the Atlantic trade, there is much more to say about West African history than can possibly be glimpsed by focusing only on the slave trade. Digging a little deeper into Freetown (Sierra Leone), some of this begins to emerge; and what follows is a brief tour of the city and its historical sites to show how this works in practice. |
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How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
By: Walter Rodney Chapter two delves into how Africa developed before the coming of the Europeans. |
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Sundiata: An Epic of Old Mali
By: Djibriltamsir Niane Retold by griots (similar to حكواتي) it is the epic tale, based on an actual figure, of Sundiata (Sunjata). Part history and part legend, it tells how Sundiata fulfilled the prophesies that he would unite the twelve kingdoms of Mali into a powerful empire. |
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